Keluaran 14:5

14:5 When it was reported ¹  to the king of Egypt that the people had fled, ²  the heart of Pharaoh and his servants was turned against the people, and the king and his servants said, ³  “What in the world have we done? ⁴  For we have released the people of Israel ⁵  from serving us!”

Keluaran 22:6

22:6 “If a fire breaks out and spreads ⁶  to thorn bushes, ⁷  so that stacked grain or standing grain or the whole field is consumed, the one who started ⁸  the fire must surely make restitution.

Keluaran 34:7

34:7 keeping loyal love for thousands, ⁹  forgiving iniquity and transgression and sin. But he by no means leaves the guilty unpunished, responding to the transgression ¹⁰  of fathers by dealing with children and children’s children, to the third and fourth generation.”

[14:5]  ¹ tn Heb “and it was told.” The present translation uses “reported,” since this involves information given to a superior.

[14:5]  ² tn The verb must be given a past perfect translation because the fleeing occurred before the telling.

[14:5]  ³ tn Heb “and they said.” The referent (the king and his servants) is supplied for clarity.

[14:5]  ⁴ tn The question literally is “What is this we have done?” The demonstrative pronoun is used as an enclitic particle for emphasis (R. J. Williams, Hebrew Syntax, 24, §118).

[14:5]  ⁵ tn Heb “released Israel.” By metonymy the name of the nation is used collectively for the people who constitute it (the Israelites).

[22:6]  ⁶ tn Heb “if a fire goes out and finds”; NLT “if a fire gets out of control.”

[22:6]  ⁷ sn Thorn bushes were used for hedges between fields, but thorn bushes also burned easily, making the fire spread rapidly.

[22:6]  ⁸ tn This is a Hiphil participle of the verb “to burn, kindle” used substantivally. This is the one who caused the fire, whether by accident or not.

[34:7]  ⁹ tn That is, “for thousands of generations.”

[34:7]  ¹⁰ sn As in the ten commandments (20:5-6), this expression shows that the iniquity and its punishment will continue in the family if left unchecked. This does not go on as long as the outcomes for good (thousands versus third or fourth generations), and it is limited to those who hate God.